The World Health Organisation (WHO) has warned that years of progress in tackling HIV, viral hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are at risk of stalling.
The global health agency raised an alarm that millions of people are being left without access to life-saving prevention, testing and treatment.
Tuesday marks World Hepatitis Day, the birthday of the Nobel-prize winning scientist who discovered the hepatitis B virus.
A new report by WHO found that while countries have made significant advances over the past decade, funding shortfalls, humanitarian crises and persistent inequalities are widening gaps in care for those most at risk.
“This report tells two stories. It demonstrates what is possible when countries invest in health, communities and science.
“But it also shows how quickly progress can be undone with funding disruptions, humanitarian emergencies and persistent inequalities,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said.
WHO said by the end of 2025, an estimated 32 million people living with HIV were receiving treatment worldwide.
The UN health agency added that since 2010, new HIV infections have fallen by 42 per cent and AIDS-related deaths by 57 per cent.
WHO estimated that around nine million people still lack access to life-saving HIV medicines.
It added that infections continue to rise in several regions, particularly among populations facing stigma and discrimination, including sex workers, people who inject drugs, transgender people and people in prisons.
The picture is similarly mixed for viral hepatitis, with annual hepatitis ‘B’ infections declining by nearly one-third since 2015, and deaths linked to hepatitis ‘C’ have fallen.
In spite of the gains, viral hepatitis remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, claiming an estimated 1.3 million lives in 2024.
Meanwhile, progress against sexually transmitted infections has slowed.
WHO warned that reductions in international donor funding disrupted HIV prevention programmes in several countries during 2025.
The reduced funding affect access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a medicine that significantly reduces the risk of acquiring HIV, according to WHO.
The agency also highlighted continuing barriers to diagnosing and treating hepatitis ‘B’, in spite of the availability of highly effective medicines capable of preventing millions of deaths.
WHO said integrating HIV, hepatitis and STI services into primary health care is one of the fastest ways to expand access while building more resilient health systems.
The report also highlights innovations such as long-acting HIV prevention medicines, improved diagnostic tools and stronger digital health systems as key opportunities to accelerate progress.
Among the most promising advances is the WHO-recommended, twice-yearly injectable lenacapavir, which is now being introduced in 10 countries, with rollout planned in a further 14.
Lenacapavir is a highly effective HIV prevention tool administered as an injection just twice a year with the potential to transform the HIV response by preventing new infections, particularly among populations at greatest risk.
WHO also stressed the importance of strengthening community leadership, ensuring that people most affected by HIV, hepatitis and STIs help shape health programmes and monitor whether services are reaching those who need them most.
“Over the next five years, we must build integrated, resilient health systems that reach those furthest behind,” Tedros said. (NAN)
